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Learn Sun Tzu on the Art of War with eChineseLearning's best Chinese teacher!

Sun Zi's Art of War was written by Sun Wu in the final year of the Spring and Autumn Period (770BC - 476BC).
It is not only the oldest Chinese military work in existence but also the oldest book of military theory in the world, well-known for a long time in the history of the military academy in China and abroad.
Sun Zi's Art of War has altogether 13 chapters. Both concise and comprehensive, this book sum up the experience of ancient wars, bring to light the many laws of war which are of universal significance.

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Sun Zi Bing Fa - Sun Tzu on the Art of War - VIII.Variation in Tactics - jiu bian pian di ba

鍘熸枃锛

ji菙 bi脿n pi膩n d矛 b膩
涔澛 鍙樎犅 绡嚶犅 绗 鍏

s奴n zi yu膿 锛 f谩n y貌n伞 b墨n伞 zh墨 f菐 锛 ji膩n伞 sh貌u m矛n伞 y煤 j奴n 锛宧茅 j奴n
瀛櫬 瀛 鏇奥 锛 鍑÷ 鐢犅 鍏德犅 涔嬄 娉 锛 灏喡犅犅 鍙椔犅 鍛铰犅 浜 鍚浡 锛 鍚 鍐
j霉 zh貌n伞 銆 p菒 d矛 w煤 sh臎 锛 q煤 d矛 ji膩o h茅 锛宩u茅 d矛 w煤 li煤 锛寃茅i d矛 z茅
鑱 浼椔犅犅 銆 鍦 鍦 鏃 鑸嵚 锛 琛 鍦 浜ぢ犅 鍚 锛 缁澛 鍦 鏃 鐣櫬 锛 鍥绰 鍦 鍒
m贸u 锛 s菒 d矛 z茅 zh脿n 銆倀煤 y菕u su菕 b霉 y贸u 锛宩奴n y菕u su菕 b霉 j墨 锛 ch茅n伞
璋嬄 锛 姝 鍦 鍒 鎴樎犅 銆 娑 鏈壜 鎵聽 涓 鐢甭 锛 鍐浡 鏈壜 鎵聽 涓 鍑 锛 鍩
y菕u su菕 b霉 伞艒n伞 锛 d矛 y菕u su菕 b霉 zh膿n伞 锛 j奴n m矛n伞 y菕u su菕 b煤 sh貌u 銆
鏈壜 鎵聽 涓 鏀宦犅 锛 鍦 鏈壜 鎵聽 涓 浜壜犅犅 锛 鍚浡 鍛铰犅 鏈壜 鎵聽 涓 鍙椔犅 銆
銆 銆
伞霉 ji脿n伞 t艒n伞 y煤 ji菙 bi脿n zh墨 d矛 zh臎 锛 zh墨 y貌n伞 b墨n伞 y菒 锛 ji脿n伞 b霉
鏁 灏喡犅犅 閫毬犅 浜 涔澛 鍙樎犅 涔嬄 鍦 鑰吢 锛 鐭ヂ 鐢犅 鍏德犅 鐭 锛 灏喡犅犅 涓
t艒n伞 y煤 ji菙 bi脿n zh墨 l矛 zh臎 锛 su墨 zh墨 d矛 x铆n伞 锛宐霉 n茅n伞 d茅 d矛 zh墨 l矛
閫毬犅 浜 涔澛 鍙樎犅 涔嬄 鍒 鑰吢 锛 铏铰 鐭ヂ 鍦 褰⒙犅 锛 涓 鑳铰犅 寰 鍦 涔嬄 鍒
y菒 锛 zh矛 b墨n伞 b霉 zh墨 ji菙 bi脿n zh墨 sh霉 锛 su墨 zh墨 w菙 l矛 锛 b霉 n茅n伞 d茅
鐭 锛 娌宦 鍏德犅 涓 鐭ヂ 涔澛 鍙樎犅 涔嬄 鏈 锛 铏铰 鐭ヂ 浜 鍒 锛 涓 鑳铰犅 寰
r茅n zh墨 y貌n伞 y菒 銆
浜郝 涔嬄 鐢犅 鐭 銆
銆 銆
sh矛 伞霉 zh矛 zh臎 zh墨 l菧 锛 b矛 z谩 y煤 l矛 h脿i 锛 z谩 y煤 l矛 茅r w霉 k臎 x矛n y臎 锛
鏄 鏁 鏅郝 鑰吢 涔嬄 铏 锛 蹇 鏉 浜 鍒 瀹陈 锛 鏉 浜 鍒 鑰 鍔 鍙 淇÷ 涔 锛
z谩 y煤 h脿i 茅r hu脿n k臎 ji臎 y臎 銆 sh矛 伞霉 q奴 zh奴 h贸u zh臎 y菒 h脿i 锛 y矛 zh奴
鏉 浜 瀹陈 鑰 鎮B犅 鍙 瑙B 涔 銆 鏄 鏁 灞 璇嘎 渚 鑰吢 浠 瀹陈 锛 褰 璇
h贸u zh臎 y菒 y猫 锛 q奴 zh奴 h贸u zh臎 y菒 l矛 銆 伞霉 y貌n伞 b墨n伞 zh墨 f菐 锛寃煤 sh矛
渚 鑰吢 浠 涓 锛 瓒 璇嘎 渚 鑰吢 浠 鍒 銆 鏁 鐢犅 鍏德犅 涔嬄 娉 锛 鏃 鎭
q铆 b霉 l谩i 锛宻h矛 w煤 y菕u y菒 d脿i y臎 锛泈煤 sh矛 q铆 b霉 伞艒n伞 锛宻h矛 w煤 y菕u su菕
鍏 涓 鏉ヂ 锛 鎭兟 鍚 鏈壜 浠 寰吢 涔 锛 鏃 鎭兟 鍏 涓 鏀宦犅 锛 鎭兟 鍚 鏈壜 鎵
b霉 k臎 伞艒n伞 y臎 銆
涓 鍙 鏀宦犅 涔 銆

伞霉 ji膩n伞 y菕u w菙 w膿i 锛 b矛 s菒 k臎 sh膩 y臎 锛 b矛 sh膿n伞 k臎 l菙 y臎 锛 f猫n s霉
鏁 灏喡犅犅 鏈壜 浜 鍗甭 锛 蹇 姝 鍙 鏉聽 涔 锛 蹇 鐢 聽聽聽鍙 铏 涔 锛 蹇柯 閫
k臎 w菙 y臎 锛 li谩n ji茅 k臎 r菙 y臎 锛 脿i m铆n k臎 f谩n y臎 銆 f谩n c菒 w菙 zh臎 锛
鍙 渚 涔 锛 寤壜犅 娲伮 鍙 杈 涔 锛 鐖 姘懧 鍙 鐑β 涔 銆 鍑÷ 姝 浜 鑰吢 锛
ji膩n伞 zh墨 伞u貌 y臎 锛 y貌n伞 b墨n伞 zh墨 z膩i y臎 銆 f霉 j奴n sh膩 ji膩n伞 锛 b矛 y菒
灏喡犅犅 涔嬄 杩嚶 涔 锛 鐢犅 鍏德犅 涔嬄 鐏韭 涔 銆 瑕 鍐浡 鏉聽 灏喡犅犅 锛 蹇 浠
w菙 w膿i 锛 b霉 k臎 b霉 ch谩 y臎 銆
浜 鍗甭 锛 涓 鍙 涓 瀵熉 涔 銆

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Translation:(Translated from the Chinese version By LIONEL GILES, M.A. (1910))

VIII. VARIATION IN TACTICS

1. Sun Tzu said: In war, the general receives his commands from the sovereign, collects his army and concentrates his forces

2. When in difficult country, do not encamp. In country where high roads intersect, join hands with your allies. Do not linger in dangerously isolated positions. In hemmed-in situations, you must resort to stratagem. In desperate position, you must fight.

3. There are roads which must not be followed, armies which must be not attacked, towns which must be besieged, positions which must not be contested, commands of the sovereign which must not be obeyed.

4. The general who thoroughly understands the advantages that accompany variation of tactics knows how to handle his troops.

5. The general who does not understand these, may be well acquainted with the configuration of the country, yet he will not be able to turn his knowledge to practical account.

6. So, the student of war who is unversed in the art of war of varying his plans, even though he be acquainted with the Five Advantages, will fail to make the best use of his men.

7. Hence in the wise leader's plans, considerations of advantage and of disadvantage will be blended together.

8. If our expectation of advantage be tempered in this way, we may succeed in accomplishing the essential part of our schemes.

9. If, on the other hand, in the midst of difficulties we are always ready to seize an advantage, we may extricate ourselves from misfortune.

10. Reduce the hostile chiefs by inflicting damage on them; and make trouble for them, and keep them constantly engaged; hold out specious allurements, and make them rush to any given point.

11. The art of war teaches us to rely not on the likelihood of the enemy's not coming, but on our own readiness to receive him; not on the chance of his not attacking, but rather on the fact that we have made our position unassailable.

12. There are five dangerous faults which may affect a general: (1) Recklessness, which leads to destruction; (2) cowardice, which leads to capture; (3) a hasty temper, which can be provoked by insults; (4) a delicacy of honor which is sensitive to shame; (5) over-solicitude for his men, which exposes him to worry and trouble.

13. These are the five besetting sins of a general, ruinous to the conduct of war.

14. When an army is overthrown and its leader slain, the cause will surely be found among these five dangerous faults. Let them be a subject of meditation.

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